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Yin Hejun: Building a Sci-tech Powerhouse, Supporting Young Talents

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A report from Science and Technology Daily:
Sci-tech innovation has not only boosted the competitiveness of China’s traditional industries, but also solidified the foundation and injected impetus for the development of new quality productive forces, said Yin Hejun, minister of science and technology, on March 5.
Speaking to journalists at the Ministers’ Corridor after the opening meeting of the second session of the 14th National People’s Congress, Yin elaborated on how to support high-quality development through sci-tech innovation, as well as how to support young people to play a leading role.
Gaining new momentum
Strong sci-tech support is indispensable for promoting high-quality development, said Yin, adding that last year, the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee deepened the reform of the Party and state institutions, and further strengthened the centralized, unified leadership of the Party over science and technology related work.
A new look is emerging in China’s sci-tech undertakings, with enhanced macro coordination of science and technology, accelerated implementation of major sci-tech projects, and strengthened strategic sci-tech forces, added Yin, citing a series of figures.
From the perspective of input, China’s R&D expenditure exceeded 3.3 trillion RMB in 2023, up 8.1 percent year-on-year, with an R&D investment intensity of 2.64 percent. The country’s investment in basic research reached 221.2 billion RMB, a year-on-year increase of 9.3 percent.
From the perspective of output, 950,000 technology contracts were signed last year, with a transaction value of 6.15 trillion RMB, an increase of 28.6 percent over the previous year. The number of authorized patents reached 921,000, up 15.3 percent over the previous year.
From the perspective of progress, a batch of major original achievements were made in quantum technology, integrated circuits, artificial intelligence, biomedicine, and new energy.
The world’s first fourth-generation nuclear power plant officially went into commercial operation, while the C919 large passenger aircraft successfully completed its maiden commercial flight. New energy vehicles, lithium batteries and photovoltaic modules, the so-called new three items that everyone is talking about, registered very pleasing export growth rates last year.
Next, the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) will resolutely implement the decisions and plans of the CPC Central Committee and firmly adhere to the defined responsibilities in the areas of strategies, reforms, plannings and services, said Yin, adding that MOST will strengthen macro coordination, particularly in the coordination of strategic planning, policy measures, major projects, sci-tech strengths, resource platforms and regional innovation.
The ministry will prioritize its work in three areas: stepping up efforts to tackle key problems in science and technology, enhancing the cultivation of strategic forces, and deepening the reform of sci-tech systems and mechanisms, according to Yin.
Supporting young talents
In recent years, a batch of young sci-tech talents have been undertaking major sci-tech projects. MOST is rolling out a series of measures to support them to play a leading role.
Young people, the most creative group with biggest innovation potential, are a dynamic force in promoting the country’s high-level self-reliance and self-strengthening in science and technology, and will become the main force to build the country into a sci-tech powerhouse, said Yin.
Last year, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council released specialized policies and measures to boost the development of young people.
MOST is working tirelessly on the implementation, Yin said, citing measures such as boldly entrusting young people, enhancing their cultivation, and providing corresponding services and guarantees.
He pointed out that, 80 percent of the projects of the National Natural Science Foundation of China are undertaken by young talents under 45 years old. Up to now, more than 1,100 national key R&D programs have been led by young scientists under 40 years old, accounting for more than 20 percent of the total.
Young people are also often seen in many national major sci-tech projects, such as the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System, China’s Lunar Exploration Project, and the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Radio Telescope Project. The average age of many teams in such projects is just a little more than 30 years old.
MOST has rolled out policies to encourage eligible institutes to channel more than half of their fundamental research funds to young sci-tech personnel under 35 years old, said Yin, adding that the cultivation of young talents is listed as one of the key indicators in the evaluation of key labs.
For those engaged in basic, frontier, and crossover researches, the ministry is finding ways to strengthen stable support efforts, and reduce review frequencies, so as to keep young people free from distractions and let them concentrate on R&D.
It will continue to advance a special campaign to lessen the burdens of young sci-tech talents, in order to relieve them from miscellaneous matters, such as procurement, reimbursement and form-filling, and ensure they have sufficient time for R&D.
MOST will make the cultivation of young sci-tech talents as a long-term strategic work, and strive to create a favorable research environment for their development, said Yin, noting that the ministry will provide opportunities, build platforms, and create environments in their work.
The ministry, together with relevant parties, will make every effort to address various concerns of young people, such as salaries and welfare, family life, and physical and mental health.
Efforts will be made to enable young sci-tech talents to settle down to their research, and invigorate their creativity, so as to let them display their talents and fulfill their dreams in the great undertaking of building a sci-tech powerhouse, Yin concluded.
SOURCE Science and Technology Daily
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Sainsbury’s aims to be an ‘AI-enabled grocer’ with Microsoft AI technology

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Sainsbury’s, a prominent UK supermarket chain, is set to leverage Microsoft’s artificial intelligence and machine learning tools to elevate its store operations and provide customers with a more engaging and convenient shopping experience.
As part of its strategic initiative, the ‘Next Level Sainsbury’s strategy’, the supermarket will integrate generative AI, powered by Microsoft Azure, to enhance its online shopping platform and optimize customers’ search experience. By harnessing AI capabilities, Sainsbury’s aims to offer a more interactive and personalized online shopping journey for its millions of customers across the UK.
In addition to enhancing the online shopping experience, Sainsbury’s plans to equip its store colleagues with real-time data and insights to streamline in-store processes such as shelf replenishment. Leveraging multiple data inputs, including shelf-edge cameras, AI technology will guide colleagues on prioritizing restocking activities, thereby improving efficiency and productivity.
Over the next five years, Sainsbury’s will deploy Microsoft Azure to implement these initiatives, integrating data assets with Microsoft 365 collaboration tools to drive innovation and operational excellence.
Clodagh Moriarty, Chief Retail and Technology Officer at Sainsbury’s, expressed confidence in the collaboration with Microsoft, emphasizing its role in accelerating the supermarket’s ambition to become the UK’s leading AI-enabled grocer. Moriarty highlighted the strategic investment in transformative capabilities, aimed at enhancing efficiency, productivity, and customer service while delivering value to shareholders.
Clare Barclay, CEO of Microsoft UK, commended Sainsbury’s visionary approach, noting its commitment to placing AI at the forefront of its business strategy. Barclay expressed enthusiasm for the collaboration, emphasizing its potential to revolutionize the retail experience for both customers and store colleagues.
The partnership between Sainsbury’s and Microsoft signifies a significant step towards ushering in the next generation of retail, powered by innovative AI-driven solutions.
Source: technologyrecord.com
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Researchers build AI-driven sarcasm detector

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Artificial intelligence has made remarkable strides, from passing bar exams to reading bedtime stories with emotion. Yet, despite these feats, it still falls short of matching the intricate nuances of human communication—particularly, the art of sarcasm.
However, researchers in the Netherlands are determined to change that narrative. They have developed an AI-driven sarcasm detector that can discern when sarcasm is being used, a feat previously thought to be exclusive to human cognition.
Matt Coler, from the University of Groningen’s speech technology lab, expresses excitement about the project’s progress. He emphasizes the importance of understanding sarcasm, a pervasive aspect of human discourse, to facilitate seamless communication between humans and machines.
Recognizing sarcasm poses challenges due to its subtlety, especially in text-based interactions where cues like tone and facial expressions are absent. To overcome this, researchers trained their AI using a combination of text, audio, and emotional content from popular sitcoms like Friends and The Big Bang Theory.
The AI, trained on annotated data from these shows, demonstrated an impressive ability to detect sarcasm in unlabelled exchanges from the sitcoms, achieving an accuracy rate of nearly 75%. Further enhancements are underway, including incorporating visual cues like eyebrow movements and smirks, to improve accuracy even more.
Beyond enhancing interactions with AI assistants, this technology holds potential for detecting negative language and identifying instances of abuse or hate speech. However, as AI becomes more adept at understanding sarcasm, questions arise about its potential to wield sarcasm itself.
Coler muses about the implications of machines responding with sarcasm, raising concerns about clarity in communication. Nonetheless, advancements in AI-driven sarcasm detection offer promising prospects for improving human-machine interactions and bridging the gap between artificial and human intelligence.
Source: theguardian.com

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AI, bias and experiments: how Women in News is tackling tech’s inbuilt stereotypes

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Issues surrounding bias in AI are deeply rooted in the accuracy, trustworthiness, and quality of data, which, if overlooked, can significantly skew outcomes. Lyndsey Jones, an AI author and transformation coach, delves into these concerns, offering valuable insights for newsrooms on monitoring and reviewing data.
Madhumita Murgia, an AI journalist and the first artificial intelligence editor of the Financial Times, sheds light on how women, migrants, precarious workers, and minority groups are disproportionately affected by the technical limitations of Generative AI. Murgia emphasizes the lack of representation of these groups in the development process of AI technologies, highlighting the need for inclusive participation.
WAN-IFRA Women In News workshops on the Age of AI in the newsroom have brought bias effects to the forefront. Through the Digital ABCs training program, media professionals are equipped with skills to navigate the digital landscape and drive organizational change.
A newly launched module focuses on AI, with over 100 participants in eastern Europe taking part, now extended to journalists in parts of Africa, the Middle East, and Southeast Asia. Instances of bias surfaced during the training, such as generating offensive avatars and misinterpretation of accents in AI tools.
Google CEO Sundar Pichai’s acknowledgment of biased AI tools reflects ongoing concerns in the industry. Timnet Gebru’s dismissal from Google for highlighting biases further underscores the need for vigilance in addressing these issues.
Diverse teams in WIN’s Age of AI program are experimenting with various tools like fact-checking and enhancing staff skill sets in AI usage. Projects under consideration for further EU funding include a video lab for content amplification and an AI avatar for journalist safety.
Media companies must ensure diverse staff collaboration when testing AI tools. Quotas for women in AI research and cross-border partnerships may be necessary for smaller media groups to compete effectively.
Journalists can take steps to improve content quality by examining storytelling practices and ensuring diversity in sources and representation. Consistency of data collection across departments and assessing biases in data sets are crucial for ethical AI usage in journalism. Ultimately, AI tools should be used to enhance journalism’s quality and integrity, rather than generating clickbait or misinformation.
Source: wan-ifra.org

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