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ZKH Group Limited Announces Fourth Quarter and Fiscal Year 2023 Unaudited Financial Results
ZKH Group Limited (“ZKH” or the “Company”) (NYSE: ZKH), a leading maintenance, repair and operations (“MRO”) procurement service platform in China, today announced its unaudited financial results for the fourth quarter and fiscal year ended December 31, 2023.
Fourth Quarter and Fiscal Year 2023 Operational and Financial Highlights
in thousand RMB, except fordays, percentage and basispoints (“bps”)
Fourth Quarter
Fiscal Year
2022
2023
Change
2022
2023
Change
GMV[1]
2,669,138
3,207,139
20.2 %
9,372,961
11,083,035
18.2 %
GMV by Platform
ZKH Platform
2,457,580
2,907,077
18.3 %
8,563,478
10,112,872
18.1 %
GBB Platform
211,558
300,062
41.8 %
809,483
970,163
19.8 %
GMV by Business Model
Product Sales (1P)
2,173,506
2,321,861
6.8 %
7,928,804
8,336,846
5.1 %
Marketplace (3P)
495,632
885,279
78.6 %
1,444,159
2,746,189
90.2 %
Number of Customers
36,401
42,220
16.0 %
58,004
66,562
14.8 %
ZKH Platform
26,319
31,174
18.4 %
40,495
48,211
19.1 %
GBB Platform
10,082
11,046
9.6 %
17,509
18,351
4.8 %
Net Revenue[2]
2,259,750
2,443,961
8.2 %
8,315,236
8,721,175
4.9 %
Gross Profit
376,265
417,151
10.9 %
1,317,670
1,452,434
10.2 %
% of Net Revenue
16.7 %
17.1 %
41.8bps
15.8 %
16.7 %
80.8bps
Operating Loss
(89,078)
(6,779)
-92.4 %
(685,706)
(398,724)
-41.9 %
% of Net Revenue
-3.9 %
-0.3 %
366.5bps
-8.2 %
-4.6 %
367.4bps
Non-GAAP EBITDA[3]
(56,741)
43,272
-176.3 %
(561,337)
(211,896)
-62.3 %
% of Net Revenue
-2.5 %
1.8 %
428.2bps
-6.8 %
-2.4 %
432.1bps
Net (Loss)/Profit
(83,531)
20,229
-124.2 %
(731,121)
(304,900)
-58.3 %
% of Net Revenue
-3.7 %
0.8 %
452.4bps
-8.8 %
-3.5 %
529.6bps
Non-GAAP Adjusted Net (Loss)/Profit[4]
(82,224)
27,538
-133.5 %
(626,141)
(287,507)
-54.1 %
% of Net Revenue
-3.6 %
1.1 %
476.5bps
-7.5 %
-3.3 %
423.3bps
Mr. Eric Long Chen, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of ZKH, stated, “Despite a challenging macro environment, we ended 2023 with solid growth, an improved gross margin, reduced losses, and, importantly, profitability in the fourth quarter, demonstrating the resilience and continued growth of the MRO industry and our strong execution to drive our business forward. We have invested and strengthened our advantages in (i) product capabilities through product category expansion and product line extension, (ii) client coverage and servicing capabilities by optimizing sales team’s structure, and (iii) digitalization and artificial intelligence capabilities by integrating our industry know-how, data assets, and IT talents. As we look ahead to 2024, brimming with both challenges and opportunities, we will continue to invest, refine, and optimize our operations to propel long-term growth. In addition, we are aiming to officially launch our overseas business in the United States in the second half of 2024.”
Mr. Max Chun Chiu Lai, Chief Financial Officer of ZKH, added, “We are delighted with our fourth quarter operational and financial performance, which enabled us to finish 2023 on a strong note, especially as we mark our first quarter as a public company. Powered by our growth from both the ZKH Platform and the GBB Platform, our full-year GMV increased by 18.2% year over year, compared with an increase of 9.2% in 2022. Concurrently, we demonstrated a clear path to profitability, with gross margin improving by 80.8 basis points in 2023 while operating loss margin and adjusted net loss margin narrowing by 366.5 and 476.5 basis points in the fourth quarter, respectively, marking the seventh consecutive quarter of year-over-year improvement. Notably, we achieved profitability in the fourth quarter of 2023, with an adjusted net profit of RMB27.5 million, resulting in a year-over-year decrease of RMB338.6 million in our full-year adjusted net loss.”
[1] GMV is the total transaction value of orders placed on the Company’s platform and shipped to customers, excluding taxes, net of the returned amount.
[2] Net revenue under the marketplace model is recognized on a net basis. Therefore, a higher proportion of GMV generated by the marketplace model tends to increase the difference in growth rate between GMV and net revenue. The proportion of GMV generated by the marketplace model was 18.6% and 15.4% for the fourth quarter of 2022 and for the fiscal year of 2022, and 27.6% for fourth quarter of 2023 and 24.8% for the fiscal year of 2023, respectively.
[3] Non-GAAP EBITDA is defined as profit/(loss) before interest expenses, income tax expenses/(benefits) and depreciation and amortization expenses.
[4] Non-GAAP adjusted net (loss)/profit is defined as net (loss)/profit excluding share-based compensation expenses and interest expenses due to the issuance of Series F Convertible Notes, which have been fully converted into Series F preferred shares without payment of interest.
Fourth Quarter 2023 Financial Results
Net Revenues. Net revenues were RMB2,444.0 million (US$344.2 million), representing an increase of 8.2% from RMB2,259.8 million in the same period of 2022, with increases in all categories of net revenues primarily due to continued growth in MRO market demand.
in thousand RMB, except for percentage
Fourth Quarter
2022
2023
Change
Net Revenue
2,259,750
2,443,961
8.2 %
Net Product Revenues
2,188,957
2,324,986
6.2 %
From ZKH Platform
1,978,830
2,028,986
2.5 %
From GBB Platform
210,127
296,000
40.9 %
Net Service Revenues
56,942
98,592
73.1 %
Other Revenues
13,851
20,383
47.2 %
Net Product Revenues. Net product revenues were RMB2,325.0 million (US$327.5 million), representing an increase of 6.2% from RMB2,189.0 million in the same period of 2022. The increase was mainly attributable to higher revenues generated from the ZKH platform and the GBB platform, primarily driven by increased customer numbers.
Net Service Revenues. Net service revenues were RMB98.6 million (US$13.9 million), an increase of 73.1% from RMB56.9 million in the same period of 2022, primarily due to the growth of the marketplace model on the ZKH platform.
Other Revenues. Other revenues were RMB20.4 million (US$2.9 million), an increase of 47.2% from RMB13.9 million in the same period of 2022, mainly attributable to higher revenues generated from the Company’s warehousing and logistic services.
Cost of Revenues. Cost of revenues was RMB2,026.8 million (US$285.5 million), representing an increase of 7.6% from RMB1,883.5 million in the same period of 2022, in line with the growth of the Company’s product sales model.
Gross Profit and Gross Margin. Gross profit was RMB417.2 million (US$58.8 million), an increase of 10.9% from RMB376.3 million in the same period of 2022. Gross margin was 17.1%, compared with 16.7% in the same period of 2022. The increase was driven by the significant growth of the marketplace model on the ZKH platform. The lower gross margin on product sales was due to the impact of inventory write-downs.
in thousand RMB, except for percentage and basis points (“bps”)
Fourth Quarter
2022
2023
Change
Gross Profit
376,265
417,151
10.9 %
% of Net Revenue
16.7 %
17.1 %
41.8bps
Under Product Sales (1P)
ZKH Platform
297,317
291,915
-1.8 %
% of Net Product Revenues from ZKH Platform
15.0 %
14.4 %
-63.8bps
GBB Platform
14,752
18,688
26.7 %
% of Net Product Revenues from GBB Platform
7.0 %
6.3 %
-70.7bps
Under Marketplace (3P)
56,942
98,592
73.1 %
% of Net Service Revenues
100 %
100.0 %
–
Others
7,254
7,956
9.7 %
% of Other Revenues
52.4 %
39.0 %
-1,333.9bps
Operating Expenses. Operating expenses were RMB423.9 million (US$59.7 million), a decrease of 8.9% from RMB465.3 million in the same period of 2022. Operating expenses as a percentage of net revenues were 17.3%, compared with 20.6% in the same period of 2022, demonstrating the Company’s improved operating efficiency and leverage.
Fulfillment Expenses. Fulfillment expenses were RMB107.8 million (US$15.2 million), an increase of 9.8% from RMB98.2 million in the same period of 2022. The increase was primarily attributable to higher employee benefit costs. Fulfillment expenses as a percentage of net revenues were 4.4%, compared with 4.3% in the same period of 2022.
Sales and Marketing Expenses. Sales and marketing expenses were RMB170.0 million (US$23.9 million), an increase of 3.2% from RMB164.7 million in the same period of 2022. The increase was primarily attributable to increased travel as well as marketing and promotion expenses as business travel and marketing and promotion activities resumed after COVID-19 restrictions were lifted. Sales and marketing expenses as a percentage of net revenues were 7.0%, compared with 7.3% in the same period of 2022.
Research and Development Expenses. Research and development expenses were RMB37.8 million (US$5.3 million), a decrease of 36.4% from RMB59.5 million in the same period of 2022. The decrease was primarily attributable to lower employee benefit costs as a result of a reduced average research and development headcount. Research and development expenses as a percentage of net revenues were 1.5%, compared with 2.6% in the same period of 2022.
General and Administrative Expenses. General and administrative expenses were RMB108.2 million (US$15.2 million), a decrease of 24.2% from RMB142.8 million in the same period of 2022. The decrease was primarily attributable to lower employee benefit costs as a result of a reduced average headcount. General and administrative expenses as a percentage of net revenues were 4.4%, compared with 6.3% in the same period of 2022.
Loss from Operations. Loss from operations was RMB6.8 million (US$1.0 million), compared with RMB89.1 million in the same period of 2022. Operating loss margin was 0.3%, compared with 3.9% in the same period of 2022.
Non-GAAP EBITDA. Non-GAAP EBITDA was RMB43.3 million (US$6.1 million), compared with negative RMB56.7 million in the same period of 2022. Non-GAAP EBITDA margin was 1.8%, compared with negative 2.5% in the same period of 2022.
Net Profit/(Loss). Net profit was RMB20.2 million (US$2.8 million), compared with net loss of RMB83.5 million in the same period of 2022. Net profit margin was 0.8%, compared with net loss margin of 3.7% in the same period of 2022.
Non-GAAP Adjusted Net Profit/(Loss). Non-GAAP adjusted net profit was RMB27.5 million (US$3.9 million), compared with non-GAAP adjusted net loss of RMB82.2 million in the same period of 2022. Non-GAAP adjusted net profit margin was 1.1%, compared with non-GAAP adjusted net loss margin of 3.6% in the same period of 2022.
Basic and Diluted Net Profit/(Loss) per ADS[5] and Non-GAAP Adjusted Basic and Diluted Net Profit/(Loss) per ADS[6]. Basic and diluted net profit per ADS were RMB0.98 (US$0.14), compared with basic and diluted net loss per ADS of RMB4.22 in the same period of 2022. Non-GAAP adjusted basic and diluted net profit per ADS were RMB0.45 (US$0.06), compared with non-GAAP adjusted basic and diluted net loss per ADS of RMB2.17 in the same period of 2022.
[5] ADSs are American depositary shares, each of which represents thirty-five (35) Class A ordinary shares of the Company.
[6] Non-GAAP adjusted basic and diluted net profit/(loss) per ADS is a non-GAAP financial measure, which is calculated by dividing non-GAAP net profit/(loss) attributable to the Company’s ordinary shareholders by the weighted average number of ADSs.
Fiscal Year 2023 Financial Results
Net Revenues. Net revenues were RMB8,721.2 million (US$1,228.4 million), representing an increase of 4.9% from RMB8,315.2 million in 2022, with increases in all categories of net revenues primarily due to continued growth in MRO market demand.
in thousand RMB, except for percentage
Fiscal Year
2022
2023
Change
Net Revenue
8,315,236
8,721,175
4.9 %
Net Product Revenues
8,086,920
8,341,603
3.1 %
From ZKH Platform
7,277,260
7,381,501
1.4 %
From GBB Platform
809,660
960,102
18.6 %
Net Service Revenues
179,508
307,412
71.3 %
Other Revenues
48,808
72,160
47.8 %
Net Product Revenues. Net product revenues were RMB8,341.6 million (US$1,174.9 million), representing an increase of 3.1% from RMB8,086.9 million in 2022. The increase was mainly attributable to higher revenues generated from the ZKH platform and the GBB platform, primarily driven by increased customer numbers.
Net Service Revenues. Net service revenues were RMB307.4 million (US$43.3 million), an increase of 71.3% from RMB179.5 million in 2022, primarily due to the significant growth of the marketplace model on the ZKH platform.
Other Revenues. Other revenues were RMB72.2 million (US$10.2 million), an increase of 47.8% from RMB48.8 million in 2022, mainly attributable to higher revenues generated from the Company’s warehousing and logistic services.
Cost of Revenues. Cost of revenues was RMB7,268.7 million (US$1,023.8 million), representing an increase of 3.9% from RMB6,997.6 million in 2022, in line with the growth of the Company’s product sales model.
Gross Profit and Gross Margin. Gross profit was RMB1,452.4 million (US$204.6 million), an increase of 10.2% from RMB1,317.7 million in 2022. Gross margin was 16.7%, compared with 15.8% in 2022. The increase was driven by the significant growth of the marketplace model on the ZKH platform. The lower gross margin on product sales was due to the impact of inventory write-down.
in thousand RMB, except for percentage and basis points (“bps”)
Fiscal Year
2022
2023
Change
Gross Profit
1,317,669
1,452,434
10.2 %
% of Net Revenue
15.8 %
16.7 %
80.8bps
Under Product Sales (1P)
ZKH Platform
1,045,024
1,046,209
0.1 %
% of Net Product Revenues from ZKH Platform
14.4 %
14.2 %
-18.7bps
GBB Platform
55,756
61,789
10.8 %
% of Net Product Revenues from GBB Platform
6.9 %
6.4 %
-45.1bps
Under Marketplace (3P)
179,508
307,412
71.3 %
% of Net Service Revenues
100.0 %
100.0 %
–
Others
37,381
37,024
-1.0 %
% of Other Revenues
76.6 %
51.3 %
-2,528.0bps
Operating Expenses. Total operating expenses were RMB1,851.2 million (US$260.7 million), a decrease of 7.6% from RMB2,003.4 million in 2022. Operating expenses as a percentage of net revenue were 21.2%, compared with 24.1% in 2022, showing improved operating efficiency and leverage.
Fulfillment Expenses. Fulfillment expenses were RMB439.0 million (US$61.8 million), a decrease of 6.1% from RMB467.4 million in 2022. The decrease was primarily attributable to (i) the decrease in distribution expenses as the Company switched to more distribution service providers that can offer competitive rates and increased direct cooperation with local transportation fleets instead of relying on distribution service providers as intermediaries, and (ii) the decrease in rental expenses. Fulfillment expenses as a percentage of net revenues were 5.0%, compared with 5.6% in 2022.
Sales and Marketing Expenses. Sales and marketing expenses were RMB700.8 million (US$98.7 million), an increase of 2.6% from RMB683.2 million in 2022. The increase was primarily attributable to increased travel as well as marketing and promotion expenses as business travel and marketing and promotion activities resumed after COVID-19 restrictions were lifted, partially offset by lower employee benefit costs as a result of a reduced average sales and marketing headcount. Sales and marketing expenses as a percentage of net revenues were 8.0%, compared with 8.2% in 2022.
Research and Development Expenses. Research and development expenses were RMB175.9 million (US$24.8 million), a decrease of 26.9% from RMB240.5 million in 2022. The decrease was primarily attributable to lower employee benefit costs as a result of a reduced average research and development headcount. Research and development expenses as a percentage of net revenues were 2.0%, compared with 2.9% in 2022.
General and Administrative Expenses. General and administrative expenses were RMB535.5 million (US$75.4 million), a decrease of 12.5% from RMB612.3 million in 2022. The decrease was primarily attributable to lower employee benefit costs as a result of a reduced average headcount, partially offset by increased travel expenses. General and administrative expenses as a percentage of net revenues were 6.1%, compared with 7.4% in the same period of 2022.
Loss from Operations. Loss from operations was RMB398.7 million (US$56.2 million), compared with RMB685.7 million in 2022. Operating loss margin was 4.6%, compared with 8.2% in 2022.
Non-GAAP EBITDA. Non-GAAP EBITDA was negative RMB211.9 million (US$29.8 million), compared with negative RMB561.3 million in 2022. Non-GAAP EBITDA margin was negative 2.4%, compared with negative 6.8% in 2022.
Net Loss. Net loss was RMB304.9 million (US$42.9 million), compared with RMB731.1 million in 2022. Net loss margin was 3.5%, compared with 8.8% in 2022.
Non-GAAP Adjusted Net Loss. Non-GAAP adjusted net loss was RMB287.5 million (US$40.5 million), compared with RMB626.1 million in 2022. Non-GAAP adjusted net loss margin was 3.3%, compared with 7.5% in 2022.
Basic and Diluted Net Loss per ADS and Non-GAAP Adjusted Basic and Diluted Net Loss per ADS. Basic and diluted net loss per ADS were RMB22.08 (US$3.11), compared with RMB32.88 in 2022. Non-GAAP adjusted basic and diluted net loss per ADS were RMB6.58 (US$0.93), compared with RMB16.54 in 2022.
Balance Sheet and Cash Flow
As of December 31, 2023, the Company had cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash and short-term investments of RMB2.12 billion (US$299.2 million), compared with RMB2.01 billion as of December 31, 2022.
Net cash used in operating activities was RMB59.3 million (US$8.4 million) in the fourth quarter of 2023, compared with net cash generated from operating activities of RMB31.8 million in the same period of 2022. Net cash used in operating activities was RMB567.9 million (US$80.0 million) in 2023, compared with RMB504.2 million in 2022.
Exchange Rate
This announcement contains translations of certain Renminbi (“RMB”) amounts into U.S. dollars (“US$”) at specified rates solely for the convenience of the reader. Unless otherwise noted, all translations from RMB to US$ were made at a rate of RMB7.0999 to US$1.00, the exchange rate in effect as of December 29, 2023, as set forth in the H.10 statistical release of The Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. The Company makes no representation that any RMB or US$ amounts could have been, or could be, converted into US$ or RMB, as the case may be, at any particular rate, or at all.
Conference Call Information
The Company’s management will hold a conference call on Tuesday, March 19, 2024, at 8:00 A.M. U.S. Eastern Time or 8:00 P.M. Beijing Time to discuss its financial results and operating performance for the fourth quarter and fiscal year 2023.
United States (toll free):
+1-888-317-6003
International:
+1-412-317-6061
Mainland China (toll free):
400-120-6115
Hong Kong (toll free):
800-963-976
Hong Kong:
+852-5808-1995
Access Code:
3148822
The replay will be accessible through March 26, 2024, by dialing the following numbers:
United States:
+1-877-344-7529
International:
+1-412-317-0088
Replay Access Code:
4272788
A live and archived webcast of the conference call will also be available on the Company’s investor relations website at https://ir.zkh.com.
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